Plato's Timaeus and the Inner Life of Stars

Richard L. Poss

The University of Arizona

From Aristotle's On the Heavens to the poetry of Wendell Berry and Mary Oliver, the stars have the paradoxical quality of being located both at the farthest reaches of the universe and deep inside our innermost selves. This paper will examine the dynamics of the inner and the outer in the poetic treatment of stars in works which embody this paradox, beginning with the classic statement of this relationship in Plato's Timaeus. What are those things which stars evoke in the reader, when nothing else will do? The surrealistic furies of Dylan Thomas and the ecstatic meditations of Gerard Manley Hopkins refute the angry denials of those like Thomas a Kempis who hold that attention to the stars is vain and shallow. We will see that they initiate a transcending of the self and a melding with
Nature that is approached not through grand generalizations but through the unpretentious description of exquisite detail, a rigorous honesty in the treatment of the poet's experience, and a commitment to working with the craft of words.

From Gustave Flaubert and his pathetic dancing bear stars in Madame Bovary and the delineations of Sir Philip Sidney's Astrophel and Stella ("Star-Lover and Star") to the nature writers of the modern American west, stellar imagery modulates the poetic strains of the age to mutually contextualize the poetic and scientific worlds.